Revision Guide – Physical Education

SUBJECT: Physical Education
EXAM BOARD AND CODE: AQA 8582
NUMBER OF PAPERS: 2
LENGTH OF PAPERS: 75 minutes per paper
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED: Black pen, calculator and ruler.
WEBSITE LINK: http://filestore.aqa.org.uk/resources/pe/specifications/AQA-8582-SP-2016.PDF

Topics to be revised

Paper 1: The Human Body and Movement in Physical Activity and Sport
Applied Physiology and Anatomy

The structure and functions of the musculoskeletal system

• Bones (functions and structure of the skeletal system/ structure of a synovial joint)
• Muscles in the body
• Types of movements (actions)

The structure and functions of the cardio-respiratory system

• Pathway of air
• Gaseous exchange
• Mechanics of breathing
• Interpreting a spirometer trace
• Blood vessels including vasodilation and vasoconstriction
• Structure of the heart
• Cardiac cycle and the pathway of blood
• Cardiac output

Anaerobic and aerobic exercise

• Understanding the terms aerobic exercise
• Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC)/oxygen debt
• The recovery process (cool-down ice bath, massage and diet)

The short and long-term effects of exercise

• Immediate effects of exercise (during exercise)
• Short-term effects of exercise (24 to 36 hours after exercise)
• Long-term effects of exercise (months and years of exercising)
• Warm up and cool down

Movement Analysis
Lever systems

• First, second and third class lever systems
• Mechanical advantage

Planes and axis of movement

• Relevant planes (frontal, transverse, sagittal) and axes (longitudinal, transverse, sagittal)

Physical Training

• Health and fitness
• The relationship between health and fitness
• The components of fitness
• Reasons for and limitations of fitness testing
• Measuring the components of fitness
• Demonstration of how data is collected for fitness testing
• The principles of training and overload
• Types of training
• Specific training techniques – high altitude training as a form of aerobic training
• Identification of the advantages and disadvantages (the effects on the body) of training types linked to specific aims
• Calculating intensities to optimise training effectiveness
• Considerations to prevent injury
• Seasonal aspects

Paper 2: Socio-cultural Influences and well-being in physical activity and sport
Sports Psychology

• Classification of skills (basic/complex, open/closed)
• Definitions of types of goals
• The use of goal setting and SMART targets to improve and/or optimize performance
• Basic information processing model
• Guidance and feedback on performance
• Mental preparation for performance

Socio-cultural influences

• Engagement patters of different social groups and the factors affecting participation
• Commercialisation of physical activity and sport
• Sponsorship and the media
• Positive and negative impacts of technology
• Ethical and socio-cultural issues in physical activity and sport
• Prohibited substances
• Prohibited methods (blood doping)
• Drugs subject to certain restrictions (beta blockers)
• Performance enhancing drugs
• Spectator behaviour

Health, fitness and well-being

• Physical, emotional and social health, fitness and well-being
• The consequences of a sedentary lifestyle
• Obesity
• Somatotypes
• Energy use
• Nutrition – reasons for having a balanced diet
• Nutrition – the role of carbohydrates, fat, protein, vitamins and minerals
• Hydration/dehydration

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